Avoid bogus circularity error on context sensitive constructor property assignments (#44601)

* Avoid bogus circularity error on context sensitive constructor property assignments

* Add JS case and ensure its fixed

src/compiler/checker.ts

@@ -25368,14 +25368,48 @@ namespace ts {
             }
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Try to find a resolved symbol for an expression without also resolving its type, as
+         * getSymbolAtLocation would (as that could be reentrant into contextual typing)
+         */
+         function getSymbolForExpression(e: Expression) {
+            if (e.symbol) {
+                return e.symbol;
+            }
+            if (isIdentifier(e)) {
+                return getResolvedSymbol(e);
+            }
+            if (isPropertyAccessExpression(e)) {
+                const lhsType = getTypeOfExpression(e.expression);
+                return isPrivateIdentifier(e.name) ? tryGetPrivateIdentifierPropertyOfType(lhsType, e.name) : getPropertyOfType(lhsType, e.name.escapedText);
+            }
+            return undefined;
+
+            function tryGetPrivateIdentifierPropertyOfType(type: Type, id: PrivateIdentifier) {
+                const lexicallyScopedSymbol = lookupSymbolForPrivateIdentifierDeclaration(id.escapedText, id);
+                return lexicallyScopedSymbol && getPrivateIdentifierPropertyOfType(type, lexicallyScopedSymbol);
+            }
+        }
+
         // In an assignment expression, the right operand is contextually typed by the type of the left operand.
         // Don't do this for assignment declarations unless there is a type tag on the assignment, to avoid circularity from checking the right operand.
         function getContextualTypeForAssignmentDeclaration(binaryExpression: BinaryExpression): Type | undefined {
             const kind = getAssignmentDeclarationKind(binaryExpression);
             switch (kind) {
                 case AssignmentDeclarationKind.None:
-                    return getTypeOfExpression(binaryExpression.left);
                 case AssignmentDeclarationKind.ThisProperty:
+                    const lhsSymbol = getSymbolForExpression(binaryExpression.left);
+                    const decl = lhsSymbol && lhsSymbol.valueDeclaration;
+                    // Unannotated, uninitialized property declarations have a type implied by their usage in the constructor.
+                    // We avoid calling back into `getTypeOfExpression` and reentering contextual typing to avoid a bogus circularity error in that case.
+                    if (decl && (isPropertyDeclaration(decl) || isPropertySignature(decl))) {
+                        const overallAnnotation = getEffectiveTypeAnnotationNode(decl);
+                        return (overallAnnotation && getTypeFromTypeNode(overallAnnotation)) ||
+                            (decl.initializer && getTypeOfExpression(binaryExpression.left));
+                    }
+                    if (kind === AssignmentDeclarationKind.None) {
+                        return getTypeOfExpression(binaryExpression.left);
+                    }
                     return getContextualTypeForThisPropertyAssignment(binaryExpression);
                 case AssignmentDeclarationKind.Property:
                     if (isPossiblyAliasedThisProperty(binaryExpression, kind)) {

tests/baselines/reference/classAttributeInferenceTemplate.js

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//// [classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts]
+class MyClass {
+    property;
+    property2;
+
+    constructor() {
+        const variable = 'something'
+
+        this.property = `foo`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+        this.property2 = `foo-${variable}`; // Causes an error
+
+        const localProperty = `foo-${variable}`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+    }
+}
+
+//// [classAttributeInferenceTemplate.js]
+"use strict";
+var MyClass = /** @class */ (function () {
+    function MyClass() {
+        var variable = 'something';
+        this.property = "foo"; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+        this.property2 = "foo-" + variable; // Causes an error
+        var localProperty = "foo-" + variable; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+    }
+    return MyClass;
+}());

tests/baselines/reference/classAttributeInferenceTemplate.symbols

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts ===
+class MyClass {
+>MyClass : Symbol(MyClass, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 0, 0))
+
+    property;
+>property : Symbol(MyClass.property, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 0, 15))
+
+    property2;
+>property2 : Symbol(MyClass.property2, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 1, 13))
+
+    constructor() {
+        const variable = 'something'
+>variable : Symbol(variable, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 5, 13))
+
+        this.property = `foo`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+>this.property : Symbol(MyClass.property, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 0, 15))
+>this : Symbol(MyClass, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 0, 0))
+>property : Symbol(MyClass.property, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 0, 15))
+
+        this.property2 = `foo-${variable}`; // Causes an error
+>this.property2 : Symbol(MyClass.property2, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 1, 13))
+>this : Symbol(MyClass, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 0, 0))
+>property2 : Symbol(MyClass.property2, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 1, 13))
+>variable : Symbol(variable, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 5, 13))
+
+        const localProperty = `foo-${variable}`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+>localProperty : Symbol(localProperty, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 10, 13))
+>variable : Symbol(variable, Decl(classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts, 5, 13))
+    }
+}

tests/baselines/reference/classAttributeInferenceTemplate.types

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts ===
+class MyClass {
+>MyClass : MyClass
+
+    property;
+>property : string
+
+    property2;
+>property2 : string
+
+    constructor() {
+        const variable = 'something'
+>variable : "something"
+>'something' : "something"
+
+        this.property = `foo`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+>this.property = `foo` : "foo"
+>this.property : string
+>this : this
+>property : string
+>`foo` : "foo"
+
+        this.property2 = `foo-${variable}`; // Causes an error
+>this.property2 = `foo-${variable}` : string
+>this.property2 : string
+>this : this
+>property2 : string
+>`foo-${variable}` : string
+>variable : "something"
+
+        const localProperty = `foo-${variable}`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+>localProperty : string
+>`foo-${variable}` : string
+>variable : "something"
+    }
+}

tests/baselines/reference/classAttributeInferenceTemplateJS.symbols

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/index.js ===
+class MyClass {
+>MyClass : Symbol(MyClass, Decl(index.js, 0, 0))
+
+    property;
+>property : Symbol(MyClass.property, Decl(index.js, 0, 15))
+
+    property2;
+>property2 : Symbol(MyClass.property2, Decl(index.js, 1, 13))
+
+    constructor() {
+        const variable = 'something'
+>variable : Symbol(variable, Decl(index.js, 5, 13))
+
+        this.property = `foo`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+>this.property : Symbol(MyClass.property, Decl(index.js, 0, 15))
+>this : Symbol(MyClass, Decl(index.js, 0, 0))
+>property : Symbol(MyClass.property, Decl(index.js, 0, 15))
+
+        this.property2 = `foo-${variable}`; // Causes an error
+>this.property2 : Symbol(MyClass.property2, Decl(index.js, 1, 13))
+>this : Symbol(MyClass, Decl(index.js, 0, 0))
+>property2 : Symbol(MyClass.property2, Decl(index.js, 1, 13))
+>variable : Symbol(variable, Decl(index.js, 5, 13))
+
+        const localProperty = `foo-${variable}`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+>localProperty : Symbol(localProperty, Decl(index.js, 10, 13))
+>variable : Symbol(variable, Decl(index.js, 5, 13))
+    }
+}

tests/baselines/reference/classAttributeInferenceTemplateJS.types

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/index.js ===
+class MyClass {
+>MyClass : MyClass
+
+    property;
+>property : string
+
+    property2;
+>property2 : string
+
+    constructor() {
+        const variable = 'something'
+>variable : "something"
+>'something' : "something"
+
+        this.property = `foo`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+>this.property = `foo` : "foo"
+>this.property : string
+>this : this
+>property : string
+>`foo` : "foo"
+
+        this.property2 = `foo-${variable}`; // Causes an error
+>this.property2 = `foo-${variable}` : string
+>this.property2 : string
+>this : this
+>property2 : string
+>`foo-${variable}` : string
+>variable : "something"
+
+        const localProperty = `foo-${variable}`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+>localProperty : string
+>`foo-${variable}` : string
+>variable : "something"
+    }
+}

tests/cases/compiler/classAttributeInferenceTemplate.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// @strict: true
+class MyClass {
+    property;
+    property2;
+
+    constructor() {
+        const variable = 'something'
+
+        this.property = `foo`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+        this.property2 = `foo-${variable}`; // Causes an error
+
+        const localProperty = `foo-${variable}`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+    }
+}

tests/cases/compiler/classAttributeInferenceTemplateJS.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// @noEmit: true
+// @checkJs: true
+// @strict: true
+// @filename: index.js
+class MyClass {
+    property;
+    property2;
+
+    constructor() {
+        const variable = 'something'
+
+        this.property = `foo`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+        this.property2 = `foo-${variable}`; // Causes an error
+
+        const localProperty = `foo-${variable}`; // Correctly inferred as `string`
+    }
+}