As per
https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/4350#issuecomment-1485041503,
the major block for upgrading Git for Windows' OpenSSL from v1.1 to v3
is the tricky part where such an upgrade would break `git fetch`/`git
clone` and `git push` because the libcurl depends on the OpenSSL DLL,
and the major version bump will _change_ the file name of said DLL.
To overcome that, the plan is to build libcurl flavors for each
supported SSL/TLS backend, aligning with the way MSYS2 builds libcurl,
then switch Git for Windows' SDK to the Secure Channel-flavored libcurl,
and teach Git to look for the specific flavor of libcurl corresponding
to the `http.sslBackend` setting (if that was configured).
Here is the PR to teach Git that trick.
Every once in a while, there are bug reports in Git for Windows' bug
tracker that describe an issue running [inside MSYS2
proper](https://gitforwindows.org/install-inside-msys2-proper), totally
ignoring the big, honking warning on top of [the
page](https://gitforwindows.org/install-inside-msys2-proper) that spells
out clearly that this is an unsupported use case.
At the same time, we cannot easily deflect and say "just use MSYS2
directly" (and leave the "and stop pestering us" out). We cannot do that
because there is only an _MSYS_ `git` package in MSYS2 (i.e. a Git that
uses the quite slow POSIX emulation layer provided by the MSYS2
runtime), but no `mingw-w64-git` package (which would be equivalent in
speed to Git for Windows).
In https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/pull/26470, I am preparing to
change that. As part of that PR, I noticed and fixed a couple of issues
_in `git-for-windows/git` that prevented full support for
`mingw-w64-git` in MSYS2, such as problems with CLANG64 and UCRT64.
While at it, I simplified the entire setup to trust MSYS2's
`MINGW_PREFIX` & related environment variables instead of hard-coding
values like the installation prefix and what `MSYSTEM` to fall back on
if it is unset.
It is merely a historical wart that, say, `git-commit` exists in the
`libexec/git-core/` directory, a tribute to the original idea to let Git
be essentially a bunch of Unix shell scripts revolving around very few
"plumbing" (AKA low-level) commands.
Git has evolved a lot from there. These days, most of Git's
functionality is contained within the `git` executable, in the form of
"built-in" commands.
To accommodate for scripts that use the "dashed" form of Git commands,
even today, Git provides hard-links that make the `git` executable
available as, say, `git-commit`, just in case that an old script has not
been updated to invoke `git commit`.
Those hard-links do not come cheap: they take about half a minute for
every build of Git on Windows, they are mistaken for taking up huge
amounts of space by some Windows Explorer versions that do not
understand hard-links, and therefore many a "bug" report had to be
addressed.
The "dashed form" has been officially deprecated in Git version 1.5.4,
which was released on February 2nd, 2008, i.e. a very long time ago.
This deprecation was never finalized by skipping these hard-links, but
we can start the process now, in Git for Windows.
This addresses the concern raised in
https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/pull/4185#discussion_r1051661894
It is checked for w.r.t. global repository struct down in the callstack
in compatibility layer for MinGW before being assigned in the function
that `free()`'d it.
Add `FileVersion`, which is a required string ([Microsoft
documentation](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/menurc/versioninfo-resource))
in the `StringFileInfo` block.
As not all required strings were present in the block, none were being
included.
Fixes#4090
After including the `FileVersion` string, all other defined strings are
now being included on executables.
File version information for `git.exe` has changed from:
```
PS C:\Program Files\Git\bin> [System.Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo("C:\Data\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git\git.exe") | Select-Object *
FileVersionRaw : 2.38.1.1
ProductVersionRaw : 2.38.1.1
Comments :
CompanyName :
FileBuildPart : 1
FileDescription :
FileMajorPart : 2
FileMinorPart : 38
FileName : C:\Data\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git\git.exe
FilePrivatePart : 1
FileVersion :
InternalName :
IsDebug : False
IsPatched : False
IsPrivateBuild : False
IsPreRelease : False
IsSpecialBuild : False
Language : English (United States)
LegalCopyright :
LegalTrademarks :
OriginalFilename :
PrivateBuild :
ProductBuildPart : 1
ProductMajorPart : 2
ProductMinorPart : 38
ProductName :
ProductPrivatePart : 1
ProductVersion :
SpecialBuild :
```
To the following:
```
PS C:\Program Files\Git\bin> [System.Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo("C:\Data\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git\git.exe") | Select-Object *
FileVersionRaw : 2.38.1.1
ProductVersionRaw : 2.38.1.1
Comments :
CompanyName : The Git Development Community
FileBuildPart : 1
FileDescription : Git for Windows
FileMajorPart : 2
FileMinorPart : 38
FileName : C:\Data\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git\git.exe
FilePrivatePart : 1
FileVersion : 2.38.1.windows.1.10.g6ed65a6fab
InternalName : git
IsDebug : False
IsPatched : False
IsPrivateBuild : False
IsPreRelease : False
IsSpecialBuild : False
Language : English (United States)
LegalCopyright :
LegalTrademarks :
OriginalFilename : git.exe
PrivateBuild :
ProductBuildPart : 1
ProductMajorPart : 2
ProductMinorPart : 38
ProductName : Git
ProductPrivatePart : 1
ProductVersion : 2.38.1.windows.1.10.g6ed65a6fab
SpecialBuild :
```
I wasn't really expecting `GIT_VERSION` to contain the Git commit, I was
hoping for just `2.38.1` or `2.38.1.1`, at least for the `FileVersion`
string.
Anybody know if it's possible to concatenate the `MAJOR`, `MINOR`,
`MICRO`, and `PATCHLEVEL` fields with dots, or if there's another
variable that can be used (with or without `PATCHLEVEL`)?
Alternatively, use the complete `GIT_VERSION` for both `FileVersion` and
`ProductVersion`.
The first three commits are rebased versions of those in gitgitgadget/git#1215. These allow the following:
1. Fix `git config --global foo.bar <path>` from allowing the `<path>`. As a bonus, users with a config value starting with `/` will not get a warning about "old-style" paths needing a "`%(prefix)/`".
2. When in WSL, the path starts with `/` so it needs to be interpolated properly. Update the warning to include `%(prefix)/` to get the right value for WSL users. (This is specifically for using Git for Windows from Git Bash, but in a WSL directory.)
3. When using WSL, the ownership check fails and reports an error message. This is noisy, and happens even if the user has marked the path with `safe.directory`. Remove that error message.
This merges the current version of the patch that tries to address Git
GUI's problems with intent-to-add files.
This patch will likely be improved substantially before it is merged
into Git GUI's main branch, but we want to have _something_ resembling a
fix already in Git for Windows v2.29.0.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
This topic branch allows `add -p` and `add -i` with a large number of
files. It is kind of a hack that was never really meant to be
upstreamed. Let's see if we can do better in the built-in `add -p`.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
In MSYS2, we have two Python interpreters at our disposal, so we can
include the Python stuff in the build.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
This topic branch allows us to specify absolute paths without the drive
prefix e.g. when cloning.
Example:
C:\Users\me> git clone https://github.com/git/git \upstream-git
This will clone into a new directory C:\upstream-git, in line with how
Windows interprets absolute paths.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
These fixes were necessary for Sverre Rabbelier's remote-hg to work,
but for some magic reason they are not necessary for the current
remote-hg. Makes you wonder how that one gets away with it.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
This will help with Git for Windows' maintenance going forward: It
allows Git for Windows to switch its primary libcurl to a variant
without the OpenSSL backend, while still loading an alternate when
setting `http.sslBackend = openssl`.
This is necessary to avoid maintenance headaches with upgrading OpenSSL:
its major version name is encoded in the shared library's file name and
hence major version updates (temporarily) break libraries that are
linked against the OpenSSL library.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
winuser.h contains the definition of RT_MANIFEST that our LLVM based
toolchain needs to understand that we want to embed
compat/win32/git.manifest as an application manifest. It currently just
embeds it as additional data that Windows doesn't understand.
This also helps our GCC based toolchain understand that we only want one
copy embedded. It currently embeds one working assembly manifest and one
nearly identical, but useless copy as additional data.
This also teaches our Visual Studio based buildsystems to pick up the
manifest file from git.rc. This means we don't have to explicitly specify
it in contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm anymore. Slightly
counter-intuitively this also means we have to explicitly tell Cmake
not to embed a default manifest.
This fixes https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/4707
Signed-off-by: Matthias Aßhauer <mha1993@live.de>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
headless-git is a git executable without opening a console window. It is
useful when other GUI executables want to call git. We should install it
together with git on Windows.
Signed-off-by: Yuyi Wang <Strawberry_Str@hotmail.com>
Internally, Git expects the environment variable `HOME` to be set, and
to point to the current user's home directory.
This environment variable is not set by default on Windows, and
therefore Git tries its best to construct one if it finds `HOME` unset.
There are actually two different approaches Git tries: first, it looks
at `HOMEDRIVE`/`HOMEPATH` because this is widely used in corporate
environments with roaming profiles, and a user generally wants their
global Git settings to be in a roaming profile.
Only when `HOMEDRIVE`/`HOMEPATH` is either unset or does not point to a
valid location, Git will fall back to using `USERPROFILE` instead.
However, starting with Windows Vista, for secondary logons and services,
the environment variables `HOMEDRIVE`/`HOMEPATH` point to Windows'
system directory (usually `C:\Windows\system32`).
That is undesirable, and that location is usually write-protected anyway.
So let's verify that the `HOMEDRIVE`/`HOMEPATH` combo does not point to
Windows' system directory before using it, falling back to `USERPROFILE`
if it does.
This fixes git-for-windows#2709
Initial-Path-by: Ivan Pozdeev <vano@mail.mipt.ru>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
In 436a42215e (max_tree_depth: lower it for clangarm64 on Windows,
2025-04-23), I provided a work-around for a nasty issue with clangarm
builds, where the stack is exhausted before the maximal tree depth is
reached, and the resulting error cannot easily be handled by Git
(because it would require Windows-specific handling).
Turns out that this is not at all limited to ARM64. In my tests with
CLANG64 in MSYS2 on the GitHub Actions runners, the test t6700.4 failed
in the exact same way. What's worse: The limit needs to be quite a bit
lower for x86_64 than for aarch64. In aforementioned tests, the breaking
point was 1232: With 1231 it still worked as expected, with 1232 it
would fail with the `STATUS_STACK_OVERFLOW` incorrectly mapped to exit
code 127. For comparison, in my tests on GitHub Actions' Windows/ARM64
runners, the breaking point was 1439 instead.
Therefore the condition needs to be adapted once more, to accommodate
(with some safety margin) both aarch64 and x86_64 in clang-based builds
on Windows, to let that test pass.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
It is merely a historical wart that, say, `git-commit` exists in the
`libexec/git-core/` directory, a tribute to the original idea to let Git
be essentially a bunch of Unix shell scripts revolving around very few
"plumbing" (AKA low-level) commands.
Git has evolved a lot from there. These days, most of Git's
functionality is contained within the `git` executable, in the form of
"built-in" commands.
To accommodate for scripts that use the "dashed" form of Git commands,
even today, Git provides hard-links that make the `git` executable
available as, say, `git-commit`, just in case that an old script has not
been updated to invoke `git commit`.
Those hard-links do not come cheap: they take about half a minute for
every build of Git on Windows, they are mistaken for taking up huge
amounts of space by some Windows Explorer versions that do not
understand hard-links, and therefore many a "bug" report had to be
addressed.
The "dashed form" has been officially deprecated in Git version 1.5.4,
which was released on February 2nd, 2008, i.e. a very long time ago.
This deprecation was never finalized by skipping these hard-links, but
we can start the process now, in Git for Windows.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
In f9b7573f6b (repository: free fields before overwriting them,
2017-09-05), Git was taught to release memory before overwriting it, but
357a03ebe9 (repository.c: move env-related setup code back to
environment.c, 2018-03-03) changed the code so that it would not
_always_ be overwritten.
As a consequence, the `commondir` attribute would point to
already-free()d memory.
This seems not to cause problems in core Git, but there are add-on
patches in Git for Windows where the `commondir` attribute is
subsequently used and causing invalid memory accesses e.g. in setups
containing old-style submodules (i.e. the ones with a `.git` directory
within theirs worktrees) that have `commondir` configured.
This fixes https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/pull/4083.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Zabavnikov <zabavnikov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Add FileVersion, which is a required field
As not all required fields were present, none were being included
Fixes#4090
Signed-off-by: Kiel Hurley <kielhurley@gmail.com>
The previous commits introduced a compile-time option to load libcurl
lazily, but it uses the hard-coded name "libcurl-4.dll" (or equivalent
on platforms other than Windows).
To allow for installing multiple libcurl flavors side by side, where
each supports one specific SSL/TLS backend, let's first look whether
`libcurl-<backend>-4.dll` exists, and only use `libcurl-4.dll` as a fall
back.
That will allow us to ship with a libcurl by default that only supports
the Secure Channel backend for the `https://` protocol. This libcurl
won't suffer from any dependency problem when upgrading OpenSSL to a new
major version (which will change the DLL name, and hence break every
program and library that depends on it).
This is crucial because Git for Windows relies on libcurl to keep
working when building and deploying a new OpenSSL package because that
library is used by `git fetch` and `git clone`.
Note that this feature is by no means specific to Windows. On Ubuntu,
for example, a `git` built using `LAZY_LOAD_LIBCURL` will use
`libcurl.so.4` for `http.sslbackend=openssl` and `libcurl-gnutls.so.4`
for `http.sslbackend=gnutls`.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Move the default `-ENTRY` and `-SUBSYSTEM` arguments for
MSVC=1 builds from `config.mak.uname` into `clink.pl`.
These args are constant for console-mode executables.
Add support to `clink.pl` for generating a Win32 GUI application
using the `-mwindows` argument (to match how GCC does it). This
changes the `-ENTRY` and `-SUBSYSTEM` arguments accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Hostetler <jeffhost@microsoft.com>
Git for Windows wants to add `git.exe` to the users' `PATH`, without
cluttering the latter with unnecessary executables such as `wish.exe`.
To that end, it invented the concept of its "Git wrapper", i.e. a tiny
executable located in `C:\Program Files\Git\cmd\git.exe` (originally a
CMD script) whose sole purpose is to set up a couple of environment
variables and then spawn the _actual_ `git.exe` (which nowadays lives in
`C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\bin\git.exe` for 64-bit, and the obvious
equivalent for 32-bit installations).
Currently, the following environment variables are set unless already
initialized:
- `MSYSTEM`, to make sure that the MSYS2 Bash and the MSYS2 Perl
interpreter behave as expected, and
- `PLINK_PROTOCOL`, to force PuTTY's `plink.exe` to use the SSH
protocol instead of Telnet,
- `PATH`, to make sure that the `bin` folder in the user's home
directory, as well as the `/mingw64/bin` and the `/usr/bin`
directories are included. The trick here is that the `/mingw64/bin/`
and `/usr/bin/` directories are relative to the top-level installation
directory of Git for Windows (which the included Bash interprets as
`/`, i.e. as the MSYS pseudo root directory).
Using the absence of `MSYSTEM` as a tell-tale, we can detect in
`git.exe` whether these environment variables have been initialized
properly. Therefore we can call `C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\bin\git`
in-place after this change, without having to call Git through the Git
wrapper.
Obviously, above-mentioned directories must be _prepended_ to the `PATH`
variable, otherwise we risk picking up executables from unrelated Git
installations. We do that by constructing the new `PATH` value from
scratch, appending `$HOME/bin` (if `HOME` is set), then the MSYS2 system
directories, and then appending the original `PATH`.
Side note: this modification of the `PATH` variable is independent of
the modification necessary to reach the executables and scripts in
`/mingw64/libexec/git-core/`, i.e. the `GIT_EXEC_PATH`. That
modification is still performed by Git, elsewhere, long after making the
changes described above.
While we _still_ cannot simply hard-link `mingw64\bin\git.exe` to `cmd`
(because the former depends on a couple of `.dll` files that are only in
`mingw64\bin`, i.e. calling `...\cmd\git.exe` would fail to load due to
missing dependencies), at least we can now avoid that extra process of
running the Git wrapper (which then has to wait for the spawned
`git.exe` to finish) by calling `...\mingw64\bin\git.exe` directly, via
its absolute path.
Testing this is in Git's test suite tricky: we set up a "new" MSYS
pseudo-root and copy the `git.exe` file into the appropriate location,
then verify that `MSYSTEM` is set properly, and also that the `PATH` is
modified so that scripts can be found in `$HOME/bin`, `/mingw64/bin/`
and `/usr/bin/`.
This addresses https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/2283
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
This implements the Windows-specific support code, because everything is
slightly different on Windows, even loading shared libraries.
Note: I specifically do _not_ use the code from
`compat/win32/lazyload.h` here because that code is optimized for
loading individual functions from various system DLLs, while we
specifically want to load _many_ functions from _one_ DLL here, and
distinctly not a system DLL (we expect libcurl to be located outside
`C:\Windows\system32`, something `INIT_PROC_ADDR` refuses to work with).
Also, the `curl_easy_getinfo()`/`curl_easy_setopt()` functions are
declared as vararg functions, which `lazyload.h` cannot handle. Finally,
we are about to optionally override the exact file name that is to be
loaded, which is a goal contrary to `lazyload.h`'s design.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Ignore the `-fno-stack-protector` compiler argument when building
with MSVC. This will be used in a later commit that needs to build
a Win32 GUI app.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Hostetler <jeffhost@microsoft.com>
