Every once in a while, there are bug reports in Git for Windows' bug
tracker that describe an issue running [inside MSYS2
proper](https://gitforwindows.org/install-inside-msys2-proper), totally
ignoring the big, honking warning on top of [the
page](https://gitforwindows.org/install-inside-msys2-proper) that spells
out clearly that this is an unsupported use case.
At the same time, we cannot easily deflect and say "just use MSYS2
directly" (and leave the "and stop pestering us" out). We cannot do that
because there is only an _MSYS_ `git` package in MSYS2 (i.e. a Git that
uses the quite slow POSIX emulation layer provided by the MSYS2
runtime), but no `mingw-w64-git` package (which would be equivalent in
speed to Git for Windows).
In https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/pull/26470, I am preparing to
change that. As part of that PR, I noticed and fixed a couple of issues
_in `git-for-windows/git` that prevented full support for
`mingw-w64-git` in MSYS2, such as problems with CLANG64 and UCRT64.
While at it, I simplified the entire setup to trust MSYS2's
`MINGW_PREFIX` & related environment variables instead of hard-coding
values like the installation prefix and what `MSYSTEM` to fall back on
if it is unset.
It is merely a historical wart that, say, `git-commit` exists in the
`libexec/git-core/` directory, a tribute to the original idea to let Git
be essentially a bunch of Unix shell scripts revolving around very few
"plumbing" (AKA low-level) commands.
Git has evolved a lot from there. These days, most of Git's
functionality is contained within the `git` executable, in the form of
"built-in" commands.
To accommodate for scripts that use the "dashed" form of Git commands,
even today, Git provides hard-links that make the `git` executable
available as, say, `git-commit`, just in case that an old script has not
been updated to invoke `git commit`.
Those hard-links do not come cheap: they take about half a minute for
every build of Git on Windows, they are mistaken for taking up huge
amounts of space by some Windows Explorer versions that do not
understand hard-links, and therefore many a "bug" report had to be
addressed.
The "dashed form" has been officially deprecated in Git version 1.5.4,
which was released on February 2nd, 2008, i.e. a very long time ago.
This deprecation was never finalized by skipping these hard-links, but
we can start the process now, in Git for Windows.
This addresses the concern raised in
https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/pull/4185#discussion_r1051661894
It is checked for w.r.t. global repository struct down in the callstack
in compatibility layer for MinGW before being assigned in the function
that `free()`'d it.
Add `FileVersion`, which is a required string ([Microsoft
documentation](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/menurc/versioninfo-resource))
in the `StringFileInfo` block.
As not all required strings were present in the block, none were being
included.
Fixes#4090
After including the `FileVersion` string, all other defined strings are
now being included on executables.
File version information for `git.exe` has changed from:
```
PS C:\Program Files\Git\bin> [System.Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo("C:\Data\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git\git.exe") | Select-Object *
FileVersionRaw : 2.38.1.1
ProductVersionRaw : 2.38.1.1
Comments :
CompanyName :
FileBuildPart : 1
FileDescription :
FileMajorPart : 2
FileMinorPart : 38
FileName : C:\Data\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git\git.exe
FilePrivatePart : 1
FileVersion :
InternalName :
IsDebug : False
IsPatched : False
IsPrivateBuild : False
IsPreRelease : False
IsSpecialBuild : False
Language : English (United States)
LegalCopyright :
LegalTrademarks :
OriginalFilename :
PrivateBuild :
ProductBuildPart : 1
ProductMajorPart : 2
ProductMinorPart : 38
ProductName :
ProductPrivatePart : 1
ProductVersion :
SpecialBuild :
```
To the following:
```
PS C:\Program Files\Git\bin> [System.Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo("C:\Data\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git\git.exe") | Select-Object *
FileVersionRaw : 2.38.1.1
ProductVersionRaw : 2.38.1.1
Comments :
CompanyName : The Git Development Community
FileBuildPart : 1
FileDescription : Git for Windows
FileMajorPart : 2
FileMinorPart : 38
FileName : C:\Data\git-sdk-64\usr\src\git\git.exe
FilePrivatePart : 1
FileVersion : 2.38.1.windows.1.10.g6ed65a6fab
InternalName : git
IsDebug : False
IsPatched : False
IsPrivateBuild : False
IsPreRelease : False
IsSpecialBuild : False
Language : English (United States)
LegalCopyright :
LegalTrademarks :
OriginalFilename : git.exe
PrivateBuild :
ProductBuildPart : 1
ProductMajorPart : 2
ProductMinorPart : 38
ProductName : Git
ProductPrivatePart : 1
ProductVersion : 2.38.1.windows.1.10.g6ed65a6fab
SpecialBuild :
```
I wasn't really expecting `GIT_VERSION` to contain the Git commit, I was
hoping for just `2.38.1` or `2.38.1.1`, at least for the `FileVersion`
string.
Anybody know if it's possible to concatenate the `MAJOR`, `MINOR`,
`MICRO`, and `PATCHLEVEL` fields with dots, or if there's another
variable that can be used (with or without `PATCHLEVEL`)?
Alternatively, use the complete `GIT_VERSION` for both `FileVersion` and
`ProductVersion`.
The first three commits are rebased versions of those in gitgitgadget/git#1215. These allow the following:
1. Fix `git config --global foo.bar <path>` from allowing the `<path>`. As a bonus, users with a config value starting with `/` will not get a warning about "old-style" paths needing a "`%(prefix)/`".
2. When in WSL, the path starts with `/` so it needs to be interpolated properly. Update the warning to include `%(prefix)/` to get the right value for WSL users. (This is specifically for using Git for Windows from Git Bash, but in a WSL directory.)
3. When using WSL, the ownership check fails and reports an error message. This is noisy, and happens even if the user has marked the path with `safe.directory`. Remove that error message.
This merges the current version of the patch that tries to address Git
GUI's problems with intent-to-add files.
This patch will likely be improved substantially before it is merged
into Git GUI's main branch, but we want to have _something_ resembling a
fix already in Git for Windows v2.29.0.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
This topic branch allows `add -p` and `add -i` with a large number of
files. It is kind of a hack that was never really meant to be
upstreamed. Let's see if we can do better in the built-in `add -p`.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
After releasing v2.2.6, they followed up really quickly with a v2.2.7,
which indicates some urgency in taking this update. The diff of this PR
is pretty informative, too.
This closes https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/6046
In MSYS2, we have two Python interpreters at our disposal, so we can
include the Python stuff in the build.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
This topic branch teaches `git clean` to respect NTFS junctions and Unix
bind mounts: it will now stop at those boundaries.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
This topic branch allows us to specify absolute paths without the drive
prefix e.g. when cloning.
Example:
C:\Users\me> git clone https://github.com/git/git \upstream-git
This will clone into a new directory C:\upstream-git, in line with how
Windows interprets absolute paths.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
These fixes were necessary for Sverre Rabbelier's remote-hg to work,
but for some magic reason they are not necessary for the current
remote-hg. Makes you wonder how that one gets away with it.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
headless-git is a git executable without opening a console window. It is
useful when other GUI executables want to call git. We should install it
together with git on Windows.
Signed-off-by: Yuyi Wang <Strawberry_Str@hotmail.com>
Internally, Git expects the environment variable `HOME` to be set, and
to point to the current user's home directory.
This environment variable is not set by default on Windows, and
therefore Git tries its best to construct one if it finds `HOME` unset.
There are actually two different approaches Git tries: first, it looks
at `HOMEDRIVE`/`HOMEPATH` because this is widely used in corporate
environments with roaming profiles, and a user generally wants their
global Git settings to be in a roaming profile.
Only when `HOMEDRIVE`/`HOMEPATH` is either unset or does not point to a
valid location, Git will fall back to using `USERPROFILE` instead.
However, starting with Windows Vista, for secondary logons and services,
the environment variables `HOMEDRIVE`/`HOMEPATH` point to Windows'
system directory (usually `C:\Windows\system32`).
That is undesirable, and that location is usually write-protected anyway.
So let's verify that the `HOMEDRIVE`/`HOMEPATH` combo does not point to
Windows' system directory before using it, falling back to `USERPROFILE`
if it does.
This fixes git-for-windows#2709
Initial-Path-by: Ivan Pozdeev <vano@mail.mipt.ru>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
In 436a42215e (max_tree_depth: lower it for clangarm64 on Windows,
2025-04-23), I provided a work-around for a nasty issue with clangarm
builds, where the stack is exhausted before the maximal tree depth is
reached, and the resulting error cannot easily be handled by Git
(because it would require Windows-specific handling).
Turns out that this is not at all limited to ARM64. In my tests with
CLANG64 in MSYS2 on the GitHub Actions runners, the test t6700.4 failed
in the exact same way. What's worse: The limit needs to be quite a bit
lower for x86_64 than for aarch64. In aforementioned tests, the breaking
point was 1232: With 1231 it still worked as expected, with 1232 it
would fail with the `STATUS_STACK_OVERFLOW` incorrectly mapped to exit
code 127. For comparison, in my tests on GitHub Actions' Windows/ARM64
runners, the breaking point was 1439 instead.
Therefore the condition needs to be adapted once more, to accommodate
(with some safety margin) both aarch64 and x86_64 in clang-based builds
on Windows, to let that test pass.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Move the default `-ENTRY` and `-SUBSYSTEM` arguments for
MSVC=1 builds from `config.mak.uname` into `clink.pl`.
These args are constant for console-mode executables.
Add support to `clink.pl` for generating a Win32 GUI application
using the `-mwindows` argument (to match how GCC does it). This
changes the `-ENTRY` and `-SUBSYSTEM` arguments accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Hostetler <jeffhost@microsoft.com>
Git for Windows wants to add `git.exe` to the users' `PATH`, without
cluttering the latter with unnecessary executables such as `wish.exe`.
To that end, it invented the concept of its "Git wrapper", i.e. a tiny
executable located in `C:\Program Files\Git\cmd\git.exe` (originally a
CMD script) whose sole purpose is to set up a couple of environment
variables and then spawn the _actual_ `git.exe` (which nowadays lives in
`C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\bin\git.exe` for 64-bit, and the obvious
equivalent for 32-bit installations).
Currently, the following environment variables are set unless already
initialized:
- `MSYSTEM`, to make sure that the MSYS2 Bash and the MSYS2 Perl
interpreter behave as expected, and
- `PLINK_PROTOCOL`, to force PuTTY's `plink.exe` to use the SSH
protocol instead of Telnet,
- `PATH`, to make sure that the `bin` folder in the user's home
directory, as well as the `/mingw64/bin` and the `/usr/bin`
directories are included. The trick here is that the `/mingw64/bin/`
and `/usr/bin/` directories are relative to the top-level installation
directory of Git for Windows (which the included Bash interprets as
`/`, i.e. as the MSYS pseudo root directory).
Using the absence of `MSYSTEM` as a tell-tale, we can detect in
`git.exe` whether these environment variables have been initialized
properly. Therefore we can call `C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\bin\git`
in-place after this change, without having to call Git through the Git
wrapper.
Obviously, above-mentioned directories must be _prepended_ to the `PATH`
variable, otherwise we risk picking up executables from unrelated Git
installations. We do that by constructing the new `PATH` value from
scratch, appending `$HOME/bin` (if `HOME` is set), then the MSYS2 system
directories, and then appending the original `PATH`.
Side note: this modification of the `PATH` variable is independent of
the modification necessary to reach the executables and scripts in
`/mingw64/libexec/git-core/`, i.e. the `GIT_EXEC_PATH`. That
modification is still performed by Git, elsewhere, long after making the
changes described above.
While we _still_ cannot simply hard-link `mingw64\bin\git.exe` to `cmd`
(because the former depends on a couple of `.dll` files that are only in
`mingw64\bin`, i.e. calling `...\cmd\git.exe` would fail to load due to
missing dependencies), at least we can now avoid that extra process of
running the Git wrapper (which then has to wait for the spawned
`git.exe` to finish) by calling `...\mingw64\bin\git.exe` directly, via
its absolute path.
Testing this is in Git's test suite tricky: we set up a "new" MSYS
pseudo-root and copy the `git.exe` file into the appropriate location,
then verify that `MSYSTEM` is set properly, and also that the `PATH` is
modified so that scripts can be found in `$HOME/bin`, `/mingw64/bin/`
and `/usr/bin/`.
This addresses https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/2283
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Ignore the `-fno-stack-protector` compiler argument when building
with MSVC. This will be used in a later commit that needs to build
a Win32 GUI app.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Hostetler <jeffhost@microsoft.com>
A change between versions 2.4.1 and 2.6.0 of the MSYS2 runtime modified
how Cygwin's runtime (and hence Git for Windows' MSYS2 runtime
derivative) handles locales: d16a56306d (Consolidate wctomb/mbtowc calls
for POSIX-1.2008, 2016-07-20).
An unintended side-effect is that "cold-calling" into the POSIX
emulation will start with a locale based on the current code page,
something that Git for Windows is very ill-prepared for, as it expects
to be able to pass a command-line containing non-ASCII characters to the
shell without having those characters munged.
One symptom of this behavior: when `git clone` or `git fetch` shell out
to call `git-upload-pack` with a path that contains non-ASCII
characters, the shell tried to interpret the entire command-line
(including command-line parameters) as executable path, which obviously
must fail.
This fixes https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/1036
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
MSYS2 defines some helpful environment variables, e.g. `MSYSTEM`. There
is code in Git for Windows to ensure that that `MSYSTEM` variable is
set, hard-coding a default.
However, the existing solution jumps through hoops to reconstruct the
proper default, and is even incomplete doing so, as we found out when we
extended it to support CLANGARM64.
This is absolutely unnecessary because there is already a perfectly
valid `MSYSTEM` value we can use at build time. This is even true when
building the MINGW32 variant on a MINGW64 system because `makepkg-mingw`
will override the `MSYSTEM` value as per the `MINGW_ARCH` array.
The same is equally true for the `/mingw64`, `/mingw32` and
`/clangarm64` prefix: those values are already available via the
`MINGW_PREFIX` environment variable, and we just need to pass that
setting through.
Only when `MINGW_PREFIX` is not set (as is the case in Git for Windows'
minimal SDK, where only `MSYSTEM` is guaranteed to be set correctly), we
use as fall-back the top-level directory whose name is the down-cased
value of the `MSYSTEM` variable.
Incidentally, this also broadens the support to all the configurations
supported by the MSYS2 project, i.e. clang64 & ucrt64, too.
Note: This keeps the same, hard-coded MSYSTEM platform support for CMake
as before, but drops it for Meson (because it is unclear how Meson could
do this in a more flexible manner).
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Teach MSVC=1 builds to depend on the `git.rc` file so that
the resulting executables have Windows-style resources and
version number information within them.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Hostetler <jeffhost@microsoft.com>
The tell-tale is the presence of the `MSYSTEM` value while compiling, of
course. In that case, we want to ensure that `MSYSTEM` is set when
running `git.exe`, and also enable the magic MSYS2 tty detection.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Create a wrapper for the Windows Resource Compiler (RC.EXE)
for use by the MSVC=1 builds. This is similar to the CL.EXE
and LIB.EXE wrappers used for the MSVC=1 builds.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Hostetler <jeffhost@microsoft.com>
MSYS2 already defines a couple of helpful environment variables, and we
can use those to infer the installation location as well as the CPU. No
need for hard-coding ;-)
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
