diff --git a/src/compiler/emitter.ts b/src/compiler/emitter.ts
index 5af58a11678..90ec1c793a3 100644
--- a/src/compiler/emitter.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/emitter.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ namespace ts {
         }
         else {
             const jsFilePath = getOwnEmitOutputFilePath(sourceFile, host, getOutputExtension(sourceFile, options));
-            const sourceMapFilePath = getSourceMapFilePath(jsFilePath, options);
+            const sourceMapFilePath = isJsonSourceFile(sourceFile) ? undefined : getSourceMapFilePath(jsFilePath, options);
             // For legacy reasons (ie, we have baselines capturing the behavior), js files don't report a .d.ts output path - this would only matter if `declaration` and `allowJs` were both on, which is currently an error
             const isJs = isSourceFileJavaScript(sourceFile);
             const declarationFilePath = ((forceDtsPaths || options.declaration) && !isJs) ? getDeclarationEmitOutputFilePath(sourceFile, host) : undefined;
diff --git a/src/compiler/parser.ts b/src/compiler/parser.ts
index 6374dbb5179..d7c94261fa9 100644
--- a/src/compiler/parser.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/parser.ts
@@ -717,6 +717,7 @@ namespace ts {
             initializeState(sourceText, languageVersion, syntaxCursor, ScriptKind.JSON);
             // Set source file so that errors will be reported with this file name
             sourceFile = createSourceFile(fileName, ScriptTarget.ES2015, ScriptKind.JSON, /*isDeclaration*/ false);
+            sourceFile.flags = contextFlags;
 
             // Prime the scanner.
             nextToken();
diff --git a/src/compiler/sourcemap.ts b/src/compiler/sourcemap.ts
index a274404f320..9229e2daa0e 100644
--- a/src/compiler/sourcemap.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/sourcemap.ts
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ namespace ts {
          * @param sourceFileOrBundle The input source file or bundle for the program.
          */
         function initialize(filePath: string, sourceMapFilePath: string, sourceFileOrBundle: SourceFile | Bundle, outputSourceMapDataList?: SourceMapData[]) {
-            if (disabled) {
+            if (disabled || fileExtensionIs(filePath, Extension.Json)) {
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ namespace ts {
          * @param pos The position.
          */
         function emitPos(pos: number) {
-            if (disabled || positionIsSynthesized(pos)) {
+            if (disabled || positionIsSynthesized(pos) || isJsonSourceMapSource(currentSource)) {
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ namespace ts {
          * @param emitCallback The callback used to emit the node.
          */
         function emitNodeWithSourceMap(hint: EmitHint, node: Node, emitCallback: (hint: EmitHint, node: Node) => void) {
-            if (disabled) {
+            if (disabled || isInJsonFile(node)) {
                 return emitCallback(hint, node);
             }
 
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ namespace ts {
          * @param emitCallback The callback used to emit the token.
          */
         function emitTokenWithSourceMap(node: Node, token: SyntaxKind, writer: (s: string) => void, tokenPos: number, emitCallback: (token: SyntaxKind, writer: (s: string) => void, tokenStartPos: number) => number) {
-            if (disabled) {
+            if (disabled || isInJsonFile(node)) {
                 return emitCallback(token, writer, tokenPos);
             }
 
@@ -404,6 +404,10 @@ namespace ts {
             return tokenPos;
         }
 
+        function isJsonSourceMapSource(sourceFile: SourceMapSource) {
+            return fileExtensionIs(sourceFile.fileName, Extension.Json);
+        }
+
         /**
          * Set the current source file.
          *
@@ -417,6 +421,10 @@ namespace ts {
             currentSource = sourceFile;
             currentSourceText = currentSource.text;
 
+            if (isJsonSourceMapSource(sourceFile)) {
+                return;
+            }
+
             // Add the file to tsFilePaths
             // If sourceroot option: Use the relative path corresponding to the common directory path
             // otherwise source locations relative to map file location
@@ -446,7 +454,7 @@ namespace ts {
          * Gets the text for the source map.
          */
         function getText() {
-            if (disabled) {
+            if (disabled || isJsonSourceMapSource(currentSource)) {
                 return undefined!; // TODO: GH#18217
             }
 
@@ -467,7 +475,7 @@ namespace ts {
          * Gets the SourceMappingURL for the source map.
          */
         function getSourceMappingURL() {
-            if (disabled) {
+            if (disabled || isJsonSourceMapSource(currentSource)) {
                 return undefined!; // TODO: GH#18217
             }
 
@@ -519,4 +527,4 @@ namespace ts {
 
         return encodedStr;
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/src/harness/compiler.ts b/src/harness/compiler.ts
index 95a7d85fe58..1290bbb4be8 100644
--- a/src/harness/compiler.ts
+++ b/src/harness/compiler.ts
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ namespace compiler {
 
         public getSourceMapRecord(): string | undefined {
             if (this.result!.sourceMaps && this.result!.sourceMaps!.length > 0) {
-                return Harness.SourceMapRecorder.getSourceMapRecord(this.result!.sourceMaps!, this.program!, Array.from(this.js.values()), Array.from(this.dts.values()));
+                return Harness.SourceMapRecorder.getSourceMapRecord(this.result!.sourceMaps!, this.program!, Array.from(this.js.values()).filter(d => !ts.fileExtensionIs(d.file, ts.Extension.Json)), Array.from(this.dts.values()));
             }
         }
 
@@ -216,6 +216,16 @@ namespace compiler {
             }
             return vpath.changeExtension(path, ext);
         }
+
+        public getNumberOfJsFiles() {
+            let count = this.js.size;
+            this.js.forEach(document => {
+                if (ts.fileExtensionIs(document.file, ts.Extension.Json)) {
+                    count--;
+                }
+            });
+            return count;
+        }
     }
 
     export function compileFiles(host: fakes.CompilerHost, rootFiles: string[] | undefined, compilerOptions: ts.CompilerOptions): CompilationResult {
diff --git a/src/harness/harness.ts b/src/harness/harness.ts
index d57de0cb910..d325883fc11 100644
--- a/src/harness/harness.ts
+++ b/src/harness/harness.ts
@@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@ namespace Harness {
                         throw new Error("Only declaration files should be generated when emitDeclarationOnly:true");
                     }
                 }
-                else if (result.dts.size !== result.js.size) {
+                else if (result.dts.size !== result.getNumberOfJsFiles()) {
                     throw new Error("There were no errors and declFiles generated did not match number of js files generated");
                 }
             }
@@ -1645,7 +1645,7 @@ namespace Harness {
                 return;
             }
             else if (options.sourceMap || declMaps) {
-                if (result.maps.size !== (result.js.size * (declMaps && options.sourceMap ? 2 : 1))) {
+                if (result.maps.size !== (result.getNumberOfJsFiles() * (declMaps && options.sourceMap ? 2 : 1))) {
                     throw new Error("Number of sourcemap files should be same as js files.");
                 }
 
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.js b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2cb5085ffb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.js
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.ts] ////
+
+//// [file1.ts]
+import b1 = require('./b.json');
+let x = b1.a;
+import b2 = require('./b.json');
+if (x) {
+    let b = b2.b;
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+}
+
+//// [b.json]
+{
+    "a": true,
+    "b": "hello"
+}
+
+//// [out/b.json]
+{
+    "a": true,
+    "b": "hello"
+}
+//// [out/file1.js]
+"use strict";
+exports.__esModule = true;
+var b1 = require("./b.json");
+var x = b1.a;
+var b2 = require("./b.json");
+if (x) {
+    var b = b2.b;
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+}
+
+
+//// [out/file1.d.ts]
+export {};
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.symbols
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a8f82b6b145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/file1.ts ===
+import b1 = require('./b.json');
+>b1 : Symbol(b1, Decl(file1.ts, 0, 0))
+
+let x = b1.a;
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 3))
+>b1.a : Symbol("a", Decl(b.json, 0, 1))
+>b1 : Symbol(b1, Decl(file1.ts, 0, 0))
+>a : Symbol("a", Decl(b.json, 0, 1))
+
+import b2 = require('./b.json');
+>b2 : Symbol(b2, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 13))
+
+if (x) {
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 3))
+
+    let b = b2.b;
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(file1.ts, 4, 7))
+>b2.b : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+>b2 : Symbol(b2, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 13))
+>b : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 3))
+>b1.b : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+>b1 : Symbol(b1, Decl(file1.ts, 0, 0))
+>b : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(file1.ts, 4, 7))
+}
+
+=== tests/cases/compiler/b.json ===
+{
+    "a": true,
+>"a" : Symbol("a", Decl(b.json, 0, 1))
+
+    "b": "hello"
+>"b" : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+}
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.types b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.types
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c718c429408
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.types
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/file1.ts ===
+import b1 = require('./b.json');
+>b1 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+
+let x = b1.a;
+>x : boolean
+>b1.a : boolean
+>b1 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+>a : boolean
+
+import b2 = require('./b.json');
+>b2 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+
+if (x) {
+>x : boolean
+
+    let b = b2.b;
+>b : string
+>b2.b : string
+>b2 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+>b : string
+
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+>x = (b1.b === b) : boolean
+>x : boolean
+>(b1.b === b) : boolean
+>b1.b === b : boolean
+>b1.b : string
+>b1 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+>b : string
+>b : string
+}
+
+=== tests/cases/compiler/b.json ===
+{
+>{    "a": true,    "b": "hello"} : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+
+    "a": true,
+>"a" : boolean
+>true : true
+
+    "b": "hello"
+>"b" : string
+>"hello" : "hello"
+}
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.js b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a6b929f662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.js
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//// [tests/cases/compiler/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.ts] ////
+
+//// [file1.ts]
+import b1 = require('./b.json');
+let x = b1.a;
+import b2 = require('./b.json');
+if (x) {
+    let b = b2.b;
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+}
+
+//// [b.json]
+{
+    "a": true,
+    "b": "hello"
+}
+
+//// [out/b.json]
+{
+    "a": true,
+    "b": "hello"
+}
+//// [out/file1.js]
+"use strict";
+exports.__esModule = true;
+var b1 = require("./b.json");
+var x = b1.a;
+var b2 = require("./b.json");
+if (x) {
+    var b = b2.b;
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=file1.js.map
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.js.map b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.js.map
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d0848a65469
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.js.map
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+//// [out/file1.js.map]
+{"version":3,"file":"file1.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../tests/cases/compiler/file1.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":";;AAAA,6BAAgC;AAChC,IAAI,CAAC,GAAG,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AACb,6BAAgC;AAChC,IAAI,CAAC,EAAE;IACH,IAAI,CAAC,GAAG,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;IACb,CAAC,GAAG,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,KAAK,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;CACpB"}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.sourcemap.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.sourcemap.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ac39c3d7464
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.sourcemap.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+===================================================================
+JsFile: file1.js
+mapUrl: file1.js.map
+sourceRoot: 
+sources: ../tests/cases/compiler/file1.ts
+===================================================================
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+emittedFile:out/file1.js
+sourceFile:../tests/cases/compiler/file1.ts
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+>>>"use strict";
+>>>exports.__esModule = true;
+>>>var b1 = require("./b.json");
+1 >
+2 >^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+1 >
+2 >import b1 = require('./b.json');
+1 >Emitted(3, 1) Source(1, 1) + SourceIndex(0)
+2 >Emitted(3, 30) Source(1, 33) + SourceIndex(0)
+---
+>>>var x = b1.a;
+1 >
+2 >^^^^
+3 >    ^
+4 >     ^^^
+5 >        ^^
+6 >          ^
+7 >           ^
+8 >            ^
+9 >             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^->
+1 >
+  >
+2 >let 
+3 >    x
+4 >      = 
+5 >        b1
+6 >          .
+7 >           a
+8 >            ;
+1 >Emitted(4, 1) Source(2, 1) + SourceIndex(0)
+2 >Emitted(4, 5) Source(2, 5) + SourceIndex(0)
+3 >Emitted(4, 6) Source(2, 6) + SourceIndex(0)
+4 >Emitted(4, 9) Source(2, 9) + SourceIndex(0)
+5 >Emitted(4, 11) Source(2, 11) + SourceIndex(0)
+6 >Emitted(4, 12) Source(2, 12) + SourceIndex(0)
+7 >Emitted(4, 13) Source(2, 13) + SourceIndex(0)
+8 >Emitted(4, 14) Source(2, 14) + SourceIndex(0)
+---
+>>>var b2 = require("./b.json");
+1->
+2 >^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+1->
+  >
+2 >import b2 = require('./b.json');
+1->Emitted(5, 1) Source(3, 1) + SourceIndex(0)
+2 >Emitted(5, 30) Source(3, 33) + SourceIndex(0)
+---
+>>>if (x) {
+1 >
+2 >^^^^
+3 >    ^
+4 >     ^^
+5 >       ^^^^^^^^^^^->
+1 >
+  >
+2 >if (
+3 >    x
+4 >     ) 
+1 >Emitted(6, 1) Source(4, 1) + SourceIndex(0)
+2 >Emitted(6, 5) Source(4, 5) + SourceIndex(0)
+3 >Emitted(6, 6) Source(4, 6) + SourceIndex(0)
+4 >Emitted(6, 8) Source(4, 8) + SourceIndex(0)
+---
+>>>    var b = b2.b;
+1->^^^^
+2 >    ^^^^
+3 >        ^
+4 >         ^^^
+5 >            ^^
+6 >              ^
+7 >               ^
+8 >                ^
+9 >                 ^^^^^->
+1->{
+  >    
+2 >    let 
+3 >        b
+4 >          = 
+5 >            b2
+6 >              .
+7 >               b
+8 >                ;
+1->Emitted(7, 5) Source(5, 5) + SourceIndex(0)
+2 >Emitted(7, 9) Source(5, 9) + SourceIndex(0)
+3 >Emitted(7, 10) Source(5, 10) + SourceIndex(0)
+4 >Emitted(7, 13) Source(5, 13) + SourceIndex(0)
+5 >Emitted(7, 15) Source(5, 15) + SourceIndex(0)
+6 >Emitted(7, 16) Source(5, 16) + SourceIndex(0)
+7 >Emitted(7, 17) Source(5, 17) + SourceIndex(0)
+8 >Emitted(7, 18) Source(5, 18) + SourceIndex(0)
+---
+>>>    x = (b1.b === b);
+1->^^^^
+2 >    ^
+3 >     ^^^
+4 >        ^
+5 >         ^^
+6 >           ^
+7 >            ^
+8 >             ^^^^^
+9 >                  ^
+10>                   ^
+11>                    ^
+1->
+  >    
+2 >    x
+3 >      = 
+4 >        (
+5 >         b1
+6 >           .
+7 >            b
+8 >              === 
+9 >                  b
+10>                   )
+11>                    ;
+1->Emitted(8, 5) Source(6, 5) + SourceIndex(0)
+2 >Emitted(8, 6) Source(6, 6) + SourceIndex(0)
+3 >Emitted(8, 9) Source(6, 9) + SourceIndex(0)
+4 >Emitted(8, 10) Source(6, 10) + SourceIndex(0)
+5 >Emitted(8, 12) Source(6, 12) + SourceIndex(0)
+6 >Emitted(8, 13) Source(6, 13) + SourceIndex(0)
+7 >Emitted(8, 14) Source(6, 14) + SourceIndex(0)
+8 >Emitted(8, 19) Source(6, 19) + SourceIndex(0)
+9 >Emitted(8, 20) Source(6, 20) + SourceIndex(0)
+10>Emitted(8, 21) Source(6, 21) + SourceIndex(0)
+11>Emitted(8, 22) Source(6, 22) + SourceIndex(0)
+---
+>>>}
+1 >^
+2 > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^->
+1 >
+  >}
+1 >Emitted(9, 2) Source(7, 2) + SourceIndex(0)
+---
+>>>//# sourceMappingURL=file1.js.map
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.symbols
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a8f82b6b145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/file1.ts ===
+import b1 = require('./b.json');
+>b1 : Symbol(b1, Decl(file1.ts, 0, 0))
+
+let x = b1.a;
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 3))
+>b1.a : Symbol("a", Decl(b.json, 0, 1))
+>b1 : Symbol(b1, Decl(file1.ts, 0, 0))
+>a : Symbol("a", Decl(b.json, 0, 1))
+
+import b2 = require('./b.json');
+>b2 : Symbol(b2, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 13))
+
+if (x) {
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 3))
+
+    let b = b2.b;
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(file1.ts, 4, 7))
+>b2.b : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+>b2 : Symbol(b2, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 13))
+>b : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+>x : Symbol(x, Decl(file1.ts, 1, 3))
+>b1.b : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+>b1 : Symbol(b1, Decl(file1.ts, 0, 0))
+>b : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(file1.ts, 4, 7))
+}
+
+=== tests/cases/compiler/b.json ===
+{
+    "a": true,
+>"a" : Symbol("a", Decl(b.json, 0, 1))
+
+    "b": "hello"
+>"b" : Symbol("b", Decl(b.json, 1, 14))
+}
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.types b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.types
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c718c429408
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.types
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/file1.ts ===
+import b1 = require('./b.json');
+>b1 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+
+let x = b1.a;
+>x : boolean
+>b1.a : boolean
+>b1 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+>a : boolean
+
+import b2 = require('./b.json');
+>b2 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+
+if (x) {
+>x : boolean
+
+    let b = b2.b;
+>b : string
+>b2.b : string
+>b2 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+>b : string
+
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+>x = (b1.b === b) : boolean
+>x : boolean
+>(b1.b === b) : boolean
+>b1.b === b : boolean
+>b1.b : string
+>b1 : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+>b : string
+>b : string
+}
+
+=== tests/cases/compiler/b.json ===
+{
+>{    "a": true,    "b": "hello"} : { "a": boolean; "b": string; }
+
+    "a": true,
+>"a" : boolean
+>true : true
+
+    "b": "hello"
+>"b" : string
+>"hello" : "hello"
+}
diff --git a/tests/cases/compiler/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.ts b/tests/cases/compiler/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a288ce76ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/compiler/requireOfJsonFileWithDeclaration.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// @module: commonjs
+// @outdir: out/
+// @fullEmitPaths: true
+// @resolveJsonModule: true
+// @declaration: true
+
+// @Filename: file1.ts
+import b1 = require('./b.json');
+let x = b1.a;
+import b2 = require('./b.json');
+if (x) {
+    let b = b2.b;
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+}
+
+// @Filename: b.json
+{
+    "a": true,
+    "b": "hello"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/cases/compiler/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.ts b/tests/cases/compiler/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d83fbda47a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/compiler/requireOfJsonFileWithSourceMap.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// @module: commonjs
+// @outdir: out/
+// @allowJs: true
+// @fullEmitPaths: true
+// @resolveJsonModule: true
+// @sourceMap: true
+
+// @Filename: file1.ts
+import b1 = require('./b.json');
+let x = b1.a;
+import b2 = require('./b.json');
+if (x) {
+    let b = b2.b;
+    x = (b1.b === b);
+}
+
+// @Filename: b.json
+{
+    "a": true,
+    "b": "hello"
+}
\ No newline at end of file