diff --git a/src/compiler/checker.ts b/src/compiler/checker.ts
index 0d7adfafede..43dafe03456 100644
--- a/src/compiler/checker.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/checker.ts
@@ -40540,7 +40540,7 @@ namespace ts {
                 return;
             }
 
-            if (!checkGrammarDecoratorsAndModifiers(node) && hasEffectiveModifiers(node)) {
+            if (!checkGrammarDecoratorsAndModifiers(node) && hasSyntacticModifiers(node)) {
                 grammarErrorOnFirstToken(node, Diagnostics.An_export_declaration_cannot_have_modifiers);
             }
 
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.js b/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..501dd231c19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.js
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//// [tests/cases/conformance/salsa/plainJSGrammarErrors2.ts] ////
+
+//// [plainJSGrammarErrors2.js]
+
+//// [a.js]
+export default 1;
+
+//// [b.js]
+/**
+ * @deprecated
+ */
+export { default as A } from "./a";
+
+
+//// [plainJSGrammarErrors2.js]
+//// [a.js]
+export default 1;
+//// [b.js]
+/**
+ * @deprecated
+ */
+export { default as A } from "./a";
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.symbols
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d4186554ad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+=== tests/cases/conformance/salsa/plainJSGrammarErrors2.js ===
+
+No type information for this code.=== /a.js ===
+export default 1;
+No type information for this code.
+No type information for this code.=== /b.js ===
+/**
+ * @deprecated
+ */
+export { default as A } from "./a";
+>default : Symbol(default, Decl(a.js, 0, 0))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(b.js, 3, 8))
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.types b/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.types
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2c6ae93364
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/plainJSGrammarErrors2.types
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+=== tests/cases/conformance/salsa/plainJSGrammarErrors2.js ===
+
+No type information for this code.=== /a.js ===
+export default 1;
+No type information for this code.
+No type information for this code.=== /b.js ===
+/**
+ * @deprecated
+ */
+export { default as A } from "./a";
+>default : 1
+>A : 1
+
diff --git a/tests/cases/conformance/salsa/plainJSGrammarErrors2.ts b/tests/cases/conformance/salsa/plainJSGrammarErrors2.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..73dfb48001e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/conformance/salsa/plainJSGrammarErrors2.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// @outdir: out/
+// @target: esnext
+// @module: esnext
+// @allowJs: true
+// @filename: plainJSGrammarErrors2.js
+
+// @filename: /a.js
+export default 1;
+
+// @filename: /b.js
+/**
+ * @deprecated
+ */
+export { default as A } from "./a";