diff --git a/src/services/importTracker.ts b/src/services/importTracker.ts
index e76e21b2963..d3e57b124de 100644
--- a/src/services/importTracker.ts
+++ b/src/services/importTracker.ts
@@ -606,7 +606,9 @@ namespace ts.FindAllReferences {
     }
 
     export function getExportInfo(exportSymbol: Symbol, exportKind: ExportKind, checker: TypeChecker): ExportInfo | undefined {
-        const exportingModuleSymbol = checker.getMergedSymbol(exportSymbol.parent); // Need to get merged symbol in case there's an augmentation.
+        const moduleSymbol = exportSymbol.parent;
+        if (!moduleSymbol) return undefined; // This can happen if an `export` is not at the top-level (which is a compile error).
+        const exportingModuleSymbol = checker.getMergedSymbol(moduleSymbol); // Need to get merged symbol in case there's an augmentation.
         // `export` may appear in a namespace. In that case, just rely on global search.
         return isExternalModuleSymbol(exportingModuleSymbol) ? { exportingModuleSymbol, exportKind } : undefined;
     }
diff --git a/tests/cases/fourslash/findAllRefsExportNotAtTopLevel.ts b/tests/cases/fourslash/findAllRefsExportNotAtTopLevel.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7f9c258bbe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/fourslash/findAllRefsExportNotAtTopLevel.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+/// <reference path="fourslash.ts" />
+
+////{
+////    export const [|{| "isWriteAccess": true, "isDefinition": true |}x|] = 0;
+////    [|x|];
+////}
+
+verify.singleReferenceGroup("const x: 0");