diff --git a/src/harness/unittests/extractRanges.ts b/src/harness/unittests/extractRanges.ts
index 493c9639c3d..00fbf334b38 100644
--- a/src/harness/unittests/extractRanges.ts
+++ b/src/harness/unittests/extractRanges.ts
@@ -365,6 +365,58 @@ switch (x) {
             refactor.extractSymbol.Messages.cannotExtractRange.message
         ]);
 
+        testExtractRangeFailed("extractRangeFailed14",
+        `
+            switch(1) {
+                case [#|1:
+                    break;|]
+            }
+        `,
+        [
+            refactor.extractSymbol.Messages.cannotExtractRange.message
+        ]);
+
+        testExtractRangeFailed("extractRangeFailed15",
+        `
+            switch(1) {
+                case [#|1:
+                    break|];
+            }
+        `,
+        [
+            refactor.extractSymbol.Messages.cannotExtractRange.message
+        ]);
+
+        // Documentation only - it would be nice if the result were [$|1|]
+        testExtractRangeFailed("extractRangeFailed16",
+        `
+            switch(1) {
+                [#|case 1|]:
+                    break;
+            }
+        `,
+        [
+            refactor.extractSymbol.Messages.cannotExtractRange.message
+        ]);
+
+        // Documentation only - it would be nice if the result were [$|1|]
+        testExtractRangeFailed("extractRangeFailed17",
+        `
+            switch(1) {
+                [#|case 1:|]
+                    break;
+            }
+        `,
+        [
+            refactor.extractSymbol.Messages.cannotExtractRange.message
+        ]);
+
+        testExtractRangeFailed("extractRangeFailed18",
+        `[#|{ 1;|] }`,
+        [
+            refactor.extractSymbol.Messages.cannotExtractRange.message
+        ]);
+
         testExtractRangeFailed("extract-method-not-for-token-expression-statement", `[#|a|]`, [refactor.extractSymbol.Messages.cannotExtractIdentifier.message]);
     });
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/services/refactors/extractSymbol.ts b/src/services/refactors/extractSymbol.ts
index 479c387fc65..3f79a0755e1 100644
--- a/src/services/refactors/extractSymbol.ts
+++ b/src/services/refactors/extractSymbol.ts
@@ -235,6 +235,16 @@ namespace ts.refactor.extractSymbol {
                     break;
                 }
             }
+
+            if (!statements.length) {
+                // https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/20559
+                // Ranges like [|case 1: break;|] will fail to populate `statements` because
+                // they will never find `start` in `start.parent.statements`.
+                // Consider: We could support ranges like [|case 1:|] by refining them to just
+                // the expression.
+                return { errors: [createFileDiagnostic(sourceFile, span.start, length, Messages.cannotExtractRange)] };
+            }
+
             return { targetRange: { range: statements, facts: rangeFacts, declarations } };
         }