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One way to significantly reduce the cost of a Git clone and later fetches is to use a blobless partial clone and combine that with a sparse-checkout that reduces the paths that need to be populated in the working directory. Not only does this reduce the cost of clones and fetches, the sparse-checkout reduces the number of objects needed to download from a promisor remote. However, history investigations can be expensie as computing blob diffs will trigger promisor remote requests for one object at a time. This can be avoided by downloading the blobs needed for the given sparse-checkout using 'git backfill' and its new '--sparse' mode, at a time that the user is willing to pay that extra cost. Note that this is distinctly different from the '--filter=sparse:<oid>' option, as this assumes that the partial clone has all reachable trees and we are using client-side logic to avoid downloading blobs outside of the sparse-checkout cone. This avoids the server-side cost of walking trees while also achieving a similar goal. It also downloads in batches based on similar path names, presenting a resumable download if things are interrupted. This augments the path-walk API to have a possibly-NULL 'pl' member that may point to a 'struct pattern_list'. This could be more general than the sparse-checkout definition at HEAD, but 'git backfill --sparse' is currently the only consumer. Be sure to test this in both cone mode and not cone mode. Cone mode has the benefit that the path-walk can skip certain paths once they would expand beyond the sparse-checkout. Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <stolee@gmail.com>