mingw: add infrastructure for read-only file system level caches

Add a macro to mark code sections that only read from the file system,
along with a config option and documentation.

This facilitates implementation of relatively simple file system level
caches without the need to synchronize with the file system.

Enable read-only sections for 'git status' and preload_index.

Signed-off-by: Karsten Blees <blees@dcon.de>

Documentation/config/core.adoc

@@ -710,6 +710,12 @@ relatively high IO latencies.  When enabled, Git will do the
 index comparison to the filesystem data in parallel, allowing
 overlapping IO's.  Defaults to true.
 
+core.fscache::
+	Enable additional caching of file system data for some operations.
++
+Git for Windows uses this to bulk-read and cache lstat data of entire
+directories (instead of doing lstat file by file).
+
 core.unsetenvvars::
 	Windows-only: comma-separated list of environment variables'
 	names that need to be unset before spawning any other process.

builtin/commit.c

@@ -1623,6 +1623,7 @@ struct repository *repo UNUSED)
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL,
 		       prefix, argv);
 
+	enable_fscache(1);
 	if (status_format != STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN &&
 	    status_format != STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN_V2)
 		progress_flag = REFRESH_PROGRESS;

compat/mingw.c

@@ -274,6 +274,7 @@ enum hide_dotfiles_type {
 
 static enum hide_dotfiles_type hide_dotfiles = HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY;
 static char *unset_environment_variables;
+int core_fscache;
 
 int mingw_core_config(const char *var, const char *value,
 		      const struct config_context *ctx UNUSED,
@@ -287,6 +288,11 @@ int mingw_core_config(const char *var, const char *value,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.fscache")) {
+		core_fscache = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.unsetenvvars")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);

compat/mingw.h

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #include "mingw-posix.h"
 
+extern int core_fscache;
+
 struct config_context;
 int mingw_core_config(const char *var, const char *value,
 		      const struct config_context *ctx, void *cb);

git-compat-util.h

@@ -1050,6 +1050,21 @@ static inline int is_missing_file_error(int errno_)
 	return (errno_ == ENOENT || errno_ == ENOTDIR);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Enable/disable a read-only cache for file system data on platforms that
+ * support it.
+ *
+ * Implementing a live-cache is complicated and requires special platform
+ * support (inotify, ReadDirectoryChangesW...). enable_fscache shall be used
+ * to mark sections of git code that extensively read from the file system
+ * without modifying anything. Implementations can use this to cache e.g. stat
+ * data or even file content without the need to synchronize with the file
+ * system.
+ */
+#ifndef enable_fscache
+#define enable_fscache(x) /* noop */
+#endif
+
 int cmd_main(int, const char **);
 
 /*

preload-index.c

@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ void preload_index(struct index_state *index,
 		pthread_mutex_init(&pd.mutex, NULL);
 	}
 
+	enable_fscache(1);
 	for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) {
 		struct thread_data *p = data+i;
 		int err;
@@ -176,6 +177,8 @@ void preload_index(struct index_state *index,
 
 	trace2_data_intmax("index", NULL, "preload/sum_lstat", t2_sum_lstat);
 	trace2_region_leave("index", "preload", NULL);
+
+	enable_fscache(0);
 }
 
 int repo_read_index_preload(struct repository *repo,